Mathematical model of echolocation of fish-catching bats
نویسنده
چکیده
The ability of bats to prey on the insects and catch fish on thewing bymeans of echolocation is remarkable, since the acoustic power transmission through air–water interface is very small. A mathematical model describing the way in which a bat can detect fish under the water surface is suggested in this article. The problem of scattering of the spherical acoustical wave from the water with the spherical air inclusion under the surface is considered and solved numerically. The frequency dependence on the backscattered pressure shows significant attenuation of the signal at some frequencies. This offers an explanation of the surprising efficiency of the acoustic acuity enjoyed by these animals. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
منابع مشابه
Fine-tuned echolocation and capture-flight of Myotis capaccinii when facing different-sized insect and fish prey.
Formerly thought to be a strictly insectivorous trawling bat, recent studies have shown that Myotis capaccinii also preys on fish. To determine whether differences exist in bat flight behaviour, prey handling and echolocation characteristics when catching fish and insects of different size, we conducted a field experiment focused on the last stage of prey capture. We used synchronized video and...
متن کاملDynamics of the echolocation beam during prey pursuit in aerial hawking bats.
In the evolutionary arms race between prey and predator, measures and countermeasures continuously evolve to increase survival on both sides. Bats and moths are prime examples. When exposed to intense ultrasound, eared moths perform dramatic escape behaviors. Vespertilionid and rhinolophid bats broaden their echolocation beam in the final stage of pursuit, presumably as a countermeasure to keep...
متن کاملInsight on how fishing bats discern prey and adjust their mechanic and sensorial features during the attack sequence
Several insectivorous bats have included fish in their diet, yet little is known about the processes underlying this trophic shift. We performed three field experiments with wild fishing bats to address how they manage to discern fish from insects and adapt their hunting technique to capture fish. We show that bats react only to targets protruding above the water and discern fish from insects b...
متن کاملCommentary: Echolocation and vision complement each other in two bat species
Citation: Melcón ML (2015) Commentary: Echolocation and vision complement each other in two bat species. A commentary on It's not black or white—on the range of vision and echolocation in echolocating bats Many nocturnal mammals have developed senses such as vision, olfaction, and whisking to orient, navigate and forage in dark environments. Most bats, however, have evolved developing echolocat...
متن کاملA new bats echolocation-based algorithm for single objective optimisation
Bats sonar algorithm (BSA) as a swarm intelligence approach utilises the concept of echolocation of bats to find prey. However, the algorithm is unable to achieve good precision and fast convergence rate to the optimum solution. With this in mind, an adaptive bats sonar algorithm is introduced with new paradigms of real bats echolocation behaviour. The performance of the algorithm is validated ...
متن کامل